Does PEP work for all types of HIV exposure?

Yes, PEP is an effective strategy for preventing HIV after different types of high-risk exposure, whether sexual or blood-related.

However, the fact that PEP works does not mean it is necessary or recommended after every situation. A professional assessment is always crucial to determine if the risk of transmission justifies the treatment.

The main types of exposure where PEP is an effective option

• Sexual exposures: Highly effective after anal or vaginal intercourse without a condom, or in case of a condom accident (breaking, slipping).
• Sharing of injection equipment: A key intervention in cases of sharing syringes or needles.
• Occupational exposures: Used by healthcare personnel in case of a needlestick injury or blood contact.

Why is risk assessment so important?

Even for a risky exposure, a discussion with a healthcare professional is essential because:

• The level of risk varies: Receptive anal sex carries a much higher risk than other types of contact.
• The status of the source partner is key: If your partner is living with HIV but has an undetectable viral load (U=U, Undetectable = Untransmittable), the risk is zero and PEP is not necessary.
• Some contacts pose no risk: HIV is not transmitted through saliva or skin contact without an open wound. PEP is not indicated in these cases.

In short, PEP is a powerful tool, but its prescription always depends on a rigorous assessment of the actual risk. When in doubt, always consult.